Literature review: Overcoming Rest–Task Divide—Abnormal Temporospatial Dynamics and Its Cognition in Schizophrenia (Northoff & Gomez-Pilar, 2020)
Two of the most relevant findings in schizophrenia during the performance of an oddball paradigm are abnormal resting activity and reduced activity during task performance. These alterations are studied independently in numerous papers, but current evidence regarding the relationship between rest and activity or “rest-task modulation” in patients with schizophrenia is limited. This review provides an overview of articles (22 to date) that study such a relationship using EEG or fMRI.
The authors conclude that there is a reduction in rest-task modulation in patients with schizophrenia and that this is associated with abnormal resting activity. They further find that reduced modulation is associated with cognitive disturbances and with symptoms of schizophrenia related to internal/external differentiation. Finally, the authors propose a theoretical model to explain the relationship between electrical disturbances and clinical findings and encourage researchers to conduct studies evaluating rest-task modulation.